Crossover for concrete girder-frames.



E. N. & R. E. SPAULDING. GEossovEE EOE CONCRETE GIEDEE FRAMES.

APPLIUATION FILED MAY-26, 1908. 3, SSHEETS-SHBET l. .SE .um "TQ 1 @Q BEP-*EF n QI I @1 CYD Q lq \Q m V G d D XY l e Y oel l l f-f .e e N. i, i H H L Eq a e l.

w :Y f E* a I .1li/ c?) WITNESSES.- t i INI/ENTORS 3mm.. ,amm l A @@Qmw@ l Y WSW' A TTORNE YS E. N. & R. B. SPAULDING. GBOSSOVER FDR CONCRETE GIRDER ERAMES.

IPLICATION FILED MAY 26, 1908. n 3, 1 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2. e Q V Q @n w E @@@M EE N. a R. E.`SPAULDING. GROSSOVER FOR CONCRETE GIRDER FRAMES.

APPLIUATION FILED MAY 26, 1908. 929,890., Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ATTORNEYS CJD CLL

FATNT EDGAR NATHAN SPAULDING AND RALPH EDGAR SPAULBING, OF STF HSID,

' (LONNECHCUT.

CRGSSUVER FOR CONCRETE @IEDER-FRAMES.

no. eeaseo.

To all @mom u may; concern:

Be it known that we, Encan NATHAN Siaicnnixc and RALPH EDGAR Srannninc, both citizens the United States ot Amen ica, and residents ot Sutlield, in the county of Hartford and State of Donnecticut, have inrented a new and useful Crossover for v`Concrete Girderfilranies, of which the tollowing` is a specification.

Uur invention relates to iinproveinents in whft are connnonly known as steel traines tor concrete girders, and incre particularly to tbc parts called fross-oyers ot such frames that are required when the girders in which the raines are embedded pass over coluinns or other supports, and consists ot certain peculiar lapped oontinuaticns ot ineinbers which einer into the construction or" alining,` raines, such continuations being' bound tolother so that two or incre alining raines becoine to all intents and purposes as one,

hereinafter set forth.

crossover is located above the base ot the traine so as to provide for tensile stress over the support and talte the tension in the upper part of the girder or beain caused by the nega-.tire bending nioinent.

Two kinds ot bonds in reinforced concrete construction depended upon, nainelyrnechanical and physical, and both are usually present although one or the other generally predoininates; in this invention provision is inade whereby the physical bond is doininant as it is believed that a strong/er construction and better results are thus obtained. To augment our physical bond we bend outward certain or" the cross-over ineinbers, as will presently appear, to increase he nuniber ot anchorages for the inetal in tl e concrete, it being understood that this 1ind ot bond resides in the union between ie nietal and concrete, while the other kind, Yhe mechanical, resides in the bolting, riveting, wiring., or otherwise fastening together of the metallic ineinbers themselves.

The objects ot our invention are, first, to provide astrong, durable, and etlicient derice ot the class specilied above, by ineans ot which what ainounts to a continuous traine over a support or supports is pio duced, and this without resortiing` to loose and expensire connections; second, to be able properly to coinbine in such a traine the two kinds of bonds; third, to afford eininently practical ineans for obtaining not Specification of Letters atent.

Application tiled May 2G, 1908.

lpatented Aug. 3, 1909.

serial No. 435,156.

only the necessary ainount but an ample ainount ot steel in cross-section over supports, and, fourth, to produce a cross-over which is readily adaptable to the various conditions that inust be inetin concrete structural work.

This invention is well adapted for use with a triangular traine inade up of bottoni tension bars, a top stay bar, and coinbination shear and tension bars, such as is set forth in United States Letters Patent, No. 887,363, issued to us May 19th, 1908, the top stay bars and certain of the combination shear and tension bars of two adjacent trames being,- continued to torni Yhe crossover. rl"his construction will resist all stresses developed up to its full capacity, the longitudinal inei'nbers resistingl the tensile stresses betw en supports, the diagonal ineinbers resisting` the shearing` stresses, and tne continuations resisting the negative stresses over supports.

W e attain the objects and secure the advantages above pointed out by the ineans illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figures l and la conibined are a plan view of a cross-over fabricated out of two triangular traines; Figs. 2 and 2 coinbined, a side elevation of the saine; Fig. 3, a plan view of a cross-over inV different type o1 traine, and, Fig. el, side elevation ot the latter.

Similar figures refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Adjacentv end portions of two triangular trainee are represented in the lirst tour views, each ot such portions consisting of the saine nuinber of parts as the other and siinilarly arranged, both in the construction of the trainee themselves and in the torniaticn of the cross-over which latter is inade up of certain of said ineinbers. rlhe lett iand traine nieinbers comprise two bottoni tension bars l0 spaced apart, a top, stay and tension bar ll located above the longitudinal center of the space between said bars 10, tie-bars 12-l2 at the ends, one pair only appearing, having their bases riveted at- 13-13 to the bars l0 and their upper terininals connected by bolts lillll and nuts l5-l5, said bolts being` above and below said top bar and the other bars presently to be described, all or" which bars e closely confined between said upper terminals ot the lOt tie-bars by means of the bolts and nuts, and a plurality of combination shear and tension bars three pairs of which are shown at lo, t17 and 18. The right-hand frame members shown comprise two bars a, a bar 11, tiei bars 12a held in place by rivets 13a, bolts 14a and nuts 15a, and bars 16a, 17a, and 18a, all similar to corresponding parts in the lefthand frame. The combination shear and i tension bars are obliquely arranged and they make a connection that will firmly unite with the concrete the 'top bars 11 and 11 are carried respectively over said center, through the eyes or loops formed by the upper terminals of the tie-bars 12l1 and 12 and the bolts 1am and 14s, and alongside of each other for some distance, when each takes an oblique course, the oblique terminal of the bar 11 being represented at 20 and the oblique terminal of the bar 11 being represented at a; one of the combination shear and tension bars 1? is carried along at the top on the outside of the bar 112L across the center 19 and turns olf obliquely at 21 opposite the terminal 20; the bar 17a on the same side with said last-mentioned bar passes at the top along the upper horizontal part of the latter over the center and ends at 22a; the second bar 17a passes at the top along the bar 11 and terminates at 21aL opposite the terminal 20a; the second bar 17 passes at the top along the Lipper horizontal part of the bar 17L on the same side and terminates at 22; outside of the upper horizontal portion of the bar 17a on one side is the corresponding portion of the bar 18 on that side, said bar 18 having an oblique terminal 23 like the others; on the opposite side against the horizontal portion of the bar 17 is the corresponding portion of the bar 18 on the same side with an oblique terminal 23a, the terminals 22a and 223iL being opposite each other and the terminals 22 and being opposite each other, and the horizontal parts of the two remaining bars 18 and 18:L respectively bear against the other bars 18a and 1S and terminate at 2a and 2&9.

r1`l1e oblique terminals 20, 20a, 21, 21, 22, 22a 23, 28, 24 and 24a are for anchorage purposes and such parts are preferably twisted in order to insure a perfect and secure union between them and the concrete.

All of the cross-over members are confined between the tie-bars and the bolts which pass therethrough over and under such members, as already noted. The bars eases@ 11, 11a, 1'? and 172L are all bound together at two places by means of wire wrappings 25.` The bars 11, 11a and 17a are bound together by means of wire wrappings 2G, and the bars 11a, 11 and 17 by means of similar wrappings 26a.

The combination shear and tension bars 16 and 16 respectively have their tops riveted at 27 and 27a to the bars 11 and 11a. The bars 18, 17, and 1G on each side are provided with horizontal bases which lie alongside of the corresponding bar 10 and of each other, wire wrappings 28, 2%), and 30 being employed to fasten these memberstogether, and the bars 18, 17", and 1G on each side are provided with the same hind of bases arranged in the same way and held in place by similar wrappings 28, 29, and 30a.

From the foregoing description it will be plainly seen that this construction affords an exceedingly strong, practicable and ellicient cross-over.

1n the last two views end portions of 'two simple frames are illustrated, the one at the left consisting of two parallel rods 81 spaced apart in any suitable manner, and that at tl e right consisting of two similar rods 31a. 10 form the cross-over above the support, broken lines 19-19 her again indicating the transverse vertical center of said support, we provide four more rods two of which, 82, are on the rods 31, and two, 32a, on the rods 31a, carry each pair of additional rods obl-iquely upward, lap those on one side by those on the other side, and bend their terminals obliquely outward at S-33 and Elia-33t to form anchorable members. `Wire wrappings 3& 311 and 85-35 are employed to securely fasten the parts together. r1`he rods 32 and 32a constitute combination shear and tension members.

The lapped joints of the two constructions afford compact and rigid cross-overs, particularly well adapted for structures of this kind.

1t is obvious that more or less than the number of lapped members herein shown may be used, and that the arrangement of the same mayvary, according to the demands or requirements of different girders, also that. other means for binding or connecting the lapped members may be adopted.

lllhat we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, in a device of the class described, of parallel tension members spaced aoart and out of Contact at the ends, and oblique members having horizontal portions at their bases which are attached to said tension members and having horizontal portions at their upper ends which cross over the space that intervenes between adjacent ends of the tension members, lap by each other, and are fastened together side by side, such upper horizontal portions being bent outward at their' tree terminals beyond the pomts where said portions are fastened together.

2. The combination, in a device of the class described, of parallel tension lmembers spaced apart and ont ot contact at the ends,

top stay members which cross over the space that intervenes between adjacent ends ot the tension members and lap by each other laterally, and oblique members having horizontal portions at their bases which are attached to said tension members and having horizontal portions at their upper ends which also cross over the aforesaid space between the tension members and lie against the sides orn said stay members or ot each other, the lapped portions ot the stay members and ot' the oblique members being fastened together and the free terminals of' r also cross over the aforesaid space between the tension members, such upper horizontal ortions beino of ditterent lengths with the longest lying against the sides of said stay members and the shorter ones lying against the sides of their companions, and means to tasten together the lapped portions of the stay members and said upper horizontal portions of said oblique members.

il. rThe combination, in a device of the class described, ot' parallel tension members spaced apart and out of contact at the ends, top stay members which cross over the space that intervenes between adjacent ends ot the tension members and lap by each other laterally, oblique members having` horizontal portions at their bases which are attached to said tension members and having horizontal portions at their upper ends which also cross over the aforesaid space between the tension members, such upper horizontal portions being ot dillerent lengths with the longest lying against the sides of said stay members and the shorter ones lying against the sides oi their companions, and means to tasten together the lapped portions of the stay members and said upper horizontal portions of the oblique members, said stay members and said upper horizontal portions of the oblique members extending beyond said fastening means and being bent outward to term anchorage terminals.

EDGAR NATHAN SPAULDING. RALPH EDGAR SPAULDING.

lllflitnesses l?. A. CUTTER, A. C. FAIRBANKS. 

